Migrate Windows VM to CTK 13.3

[trivialfis]

This PR updates the Windows AMI. In addition, it splits the bootstrap script to insert a reboot provisioned by Packer after Visual Studio is installed. The installation returns a non-zero code without a reboot.

TODOs:

• Test run: Fix win arm64 release, update win CTK. xgboost#12394
• Delete the existing AMI.

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR updates the Windows Server 2022 AMI build to install CUDA 13.3 (CTK 13.3) and restructures provisioning so Visual Studio installation is split into multiple steps with Packer-managed reboots, improving reliability of the image build.

Changes:

• Split the previous monolithic bootstrap.ps1 install flow into dedicated scripts for Visual Studio install, workload install, verification, CUDA/R install, NVIDIA driver install, and driver verification.
• Insert windows-restart provisioners between key install steps (VS, workload, NVIDIA driver) to handle installers that require reboot.
• Add new verification scripts (verify_vs.ps1, verify_nvidia_driver.ps1) and ignore packer.log in the Windows VM image directory.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 9 out of 9 changed files in this pull request and generated 2 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
vm_images/windows/windows.pkr.hcl	Adds stepwise provisioning and multiple controlled reboots; updates sysprep provisioner exit codes.
vm_images/windows/bootstrap.ps1	Removes VS/CUDA/R installation from bootstrap to support the new split install flow.
vm_images/windows/install_vs.ps1	Installs VS Community (and vcredist) while tolerating “reboot required” exit codes.
vm_images/windows/install_vs_workload.ps1	Installs Native Desktop workload and tolerates “reboot required” exit codes.
vm_images/windows/verify_vs.ps1	Verifies VS workload presence and extracts VS display version via vswhere.
vm_images/windows/install_cuda_r.ps1	Installs CUDA 13.3 and R toolchain versions via Chocolatey.
vm_images/windows/install_nvidia_driver.ps1	Downloads, signature-checks, extracts, and installs pinned NVIDIA GRID driver from S3.
vm_images/windows/verify_nvidia_driver.ps1	Verifies driver install by running nvidia-smi.exe.
vm_images/windows/.gitignore	Ignores packer.log in the Windows image directory.

Suppressed comments (1)

vm_images/windows/verify_vs.ps1:20

• Same wildcard-expansion issue here: -products * should be quoted to avoid PowerShell expanding it to filenames before calling vswhere.

$displayVersion = & $vswhere `
    -latest `
    -products * `
    -property catalog_productDisplayVersion

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