fix: preserve generic call declaration identity

[akonwi]

Summary

• keep canonical Ard declarations separate from call-local specialized signatures
• carry source function-reference provenance and resolved trait method slots into AIR
• remove AIR name-based recovery for generic functions, methods, module symbols, and trait slots
• route synthesized interpolation calls through receiver-aware specialization
• cover direct and closure forward calls, imports, recursion, function values, traits, interpolation, and variadics
• document the checker-to-AIR identity contract in ADRs 0002 and 0055

Why

Generic receiver inference copied a later method's hoisted FunctionDef before its body was checked. The call-local copy permanently retained a nil body even after the canonical declaration was completed, making AIR lowering depend on source order. Direct calls and closure calls had the same root cause.

Calls now retain both the canonical declaration that owns the body and the specialized signature that owns call-local types and generic bindings. Dynamic function-value calls intentionally have no source declaration.

The separate closure lexical-generic visibility problem discovered during investigation is tracked by #478 and is not changed here.

Validation

• cd compiler && go test ./... -count=1
• cd compiler && go test -race ./checker ./air ./go ./lsp ./lsp/analysis -count=1
• cd compiler && go vet ./...
• gopls check on all changed Go files
• git diff --check
• LSP harness: 18/18 passed
• downstream projects with this branch compiler:
  • Tinear: 150 tests, check, and build
  • Decode: 11 tests
  • SQL: 6 tests
  • Maestro: 103 tests and check
  • Cooper: 265 tests and all examples checked

Fixes #477

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Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated
ard-lang-dev	Ready	Preview	Sep 7, 2026 4:44am UTC