Per-priority worker pools and the UserPriorityThreshold mechanism that stops one user monopolizing a level.
Each priority level has its own dedicated pool of workers, so higher-priority traffic can't consume the capacity reserved for lower-priority requests.
Within a priority level, the proxy tracks each user's share of active requests. A user who stays under UserPriorityThreshold (default 0.1, i.e. 10%) gets a fairness boost ahead of other users at that level; once their share crosses the threshold, the boost is withheld until it drops back down.
See Advanced Configuration for how to tune that threshold, with a worked example.