diff --git a/build/dsh-loader.gif b/build/dsh-loader.gif
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..57aac117
Binary files /dev/null and b/build/dsh-loader.gif differ
diff --git a/build/plugin-recovery.html b/build/plugin-recovery.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..dc9af93a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/build/plugin-recovery.html
@@ -0,0 +1,465 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1" />
+    <meta
+      http-equiv="Content-Security-Policy"
+      content="default-src 'none'; img-src 'self' file:; style-src 'unsafe-inline'; script-src 'unsafe-inline'"
+    />
+    <title>DSH Desktop</title>
+    <style>
+      :root {
+        color-scheme: light dark;
+        font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
+        --canvas: #f7f7f8;
+        --surface: #ffffff;
+        --surface-soft: #f5f6f7;
+        --ink: #18181b;
+        --muted: #71717a;
+        --faint: #a1a1aa;
+        --line: #e4e4e7;
+        --line-strong: #d4d4d8;
+        --button: #18181b;
+        --button-hover: #303034;
+        --primary-ink: #ffffff;
+        --danger: #c33b38;
+        --shadow: 0 12px 34px rgba(24, 24, 27, 0.1);
+      }
+
+      * { box-sizing: border-box; }
+      html, body { width: 100%; min-width: 320px; min-height: 100%; margin: 0; }
+      body {
+        min-height: 100vh;
+        display: grid;
+        place-items: center;
+        overflow: auto;
+        padding: 40px 24px;
+        color: var(--ink);
+        background: var(--canvas);
+      }
+
+      button { font: inherit; }
+      .shell {
+        width: min(700px, 100%);
+        border: 1px solid var(--line);
+        border-radius: 20px;
+        overflow: hidden;
+        background: var(--surface);
+        box-shadow: var(--shadow);
+      }
+      .header {
+        display: flex;
+        align-items: center;
+        gap: 12px;
+        padding: 18px 26px;
+        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
+      }
+      .brand { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 11px; min-width: 0; }
+      .brand img { width: 28px; height: 28px; border-radius: 8px; }
+      .brand-name { font-size: 14px; font-weight: 650; letter-spacing: -0.01em; }
+      .badge {
+        display: inline-flex;
+        align-items: center;
+        min-height: 22px;
+        padding: 2px 8px;
+        border: 1px solid var(--line);
+        border-radius: 999px;
+        color: var(--muted);
+        font-size: 11px;
+        font-weight: 600;
+      }
+      .content { padding: 30px 32px 22px; }
+      .progress, .notice {
+        display: none;
+        margin: 0 0 18px;
+        padding: 11px 13px;
+        border-radius: 10px;
+        font-size: 12px;
+        line-height: 1.55;
+      }
+      .progress { color: var(--ink); border: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--surface-soft); }
+      .notice { color: var(--danger); background: rgba(195, 59, 56, 0.08); }
+      .progress.visible, .notice.visible { display: block; }
+      h1 {
+        margin: 0;
+        max-width: 590px;
+        font-size: 21px;
+        font-weight: 650;
+        line-height: 1.35;
+        letter-spacing: -0.025em;
+      }
+      .summary {
+        margin: 8px 0 20px;
+        max-width: 610px;
+        color: var(--muted);
+        font-size: 14px;
+        line-height: 1.6;
+      }
+      .summary:empty { display: none; }
+      .summary:empty + .conflict-card { margin-top: 30px; }
+
+      .conflict-card {
+        overflow: hidden;
+        border: 1px solid var(--line);
+        border-radius: 14px;
+        background: var(--surface-soft);
+      }
+      .reason {
+        padding: 17px 19px 16px;
+      }
+      .reason-label {
+        margin: 0 0 7px;
+        color: var(--ink);
+        font-size: 13px;
+        font-weight: 680;
+      }
+      .reason-detail {
+        margin: 0;
+        color: var(--muted);
+        font-size: 12px;
+        line-height: 1.55;
+      }
+      .plugins {
+        display: none;
+        margin: 0;
+        padding: 0;
+        border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
+        list-style: none;
+      }
+      .plugins.visible { display: block; }
+      .plugins li {
+        display: flex;
+        align-items: center;
+        gap: 11px;
+        min-height: 44px;
+        padding: 10px 19px;
+        border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
+      }
+      .plugins li:first-child { border-top: 0; }
+      .plugin-mark {
+        width: 22px;
+        height: 22px;
+        display: grid;
+        place-items: center;
+        flex: 0 0 auto;
+        border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
+        border-radius: 6px;
+        color: var(--muted);
+        background: var(--surface);
+        font-size: 12px;
+        font-weight: 750;
+      }
+      .plugin-name {
+        min-width: 0;
+        overflow-wrap: anywhere;
+        font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Consolas, monospace;
+        font-size: 13px;
+        font-weight: 600;
+      }
+
+      .safety {
+        display: flex;
+        align-items: flex-start;
+        gap: 9px;
+        flex: 0 1 auto;
+        margin: 0;
+        color: var(--muted);
+        font-size: 12px;
+        line-height: 1.5;
+      }
+      .safety-icon {
+        width: 17px;
+        height: 17px;
+        display: grid;
+        place-items: center;
+        flex: 0 0 auto;
+        margin-top: 1px;
+        border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
+        border-radius: 50%;
+        color: var(--muted);
+        font-size: 10px;
+        font-weight: 800;
+      }
+
+      .decision-row {
+        display: flex;
+        align-items: flex-end;
+        flex-direction: column;
+        gap: 12px;
+        margin-top: 22px;
+      }
+      .actions {
+        display: flex;
+        align-items: center;
+        justify-content: flex-end;
+        flex: 0 0 auto;
+        gap: 9px;
+        margin: 0;
+      }
+      .button {
+        min-height: 39px;
+        padding: 9px 15px;
+        border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
+        border-radius: 10px;
+        color: var(--ink);
+        background: var(--surface);
+        cursor: pointer;
+        font-size: 13px;
+        font-weight: 620;
+        transition: background 120ms ease, border-color 120ms ease, transform 120ms ease;
+      }
+      .button:hover { background: var(--surface-soft); }
+      .button:active { transform: translateY(1px); }
+      .button:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--ink); outline-offset: 2px; }
+      .button.primary {
+        border-color: var(--button);
+        color: var(--primary-ink);
+        background: var(--button);
+      }
+      .button.primary:hover { border-color: var(--button-hover); background: var(--button-hover); }
+      .button[disabled] { opacity: 0.64; cursor: wait; transform: none; }
+
+      .advanced {
+        margin-top: 24px;
+        border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
+      }
+      .advanced summary {
+        display: inline-flex;
+        align-items: center;
+        padding: 14px 2px 0;
+        color: var(--muted);
+        cursor: pointer;
+        font-size: 12px;
+        font-weight: 630;
+        list-style: none;
+      }
+      .advanced summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
+      .advanced summary::after {
+        width: 6px;
+        height: 6px;
+        margin-left: 8px;
+        border-right: 1px solid currentColor;
+        border-bottom: 1px solid currentColor;
+        content: "";
+        transform: rotate(-45deg);
+        transform-origin: center;
+      }
+      .advanced[open] summary::after { transform: rotate(45deg) translateY(-1px); }
+      .advanced-body { padding: 13px 0 2px; }
+      .meta-label {
+        margin: 0 0 6px;
+        color: var(--faint);
+        font-size: 10px;
+        font-weight: 700;
+        letter-spacing: 0.08em;
+        text-transform: uppercase;
+      }
+      .path, .technical {
+        margin: 0 0 14px;
+        color: var(--muted);
+        font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Consolas, monospace;
+        font-size: 11px;
+        line-height: 1.55;
+        overflow-wrap: anywhere;
+        white-space: pre-wrap;
+      }
+      .advanced-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
+      .text-button {
+        min-height: 32px;
+        padding: 5px 9px;
+        border: 0;
+        border-radius: 7px;
+        color: var(--muted);
+        background: transparent;
+        cursor: pointer;
+        font-size: 12px;
+        font-weight: 600;
+      }
+      .text-button:hover { color: var(--ink); background: var(--surface-soft); }
+      .text-button.danger:hover { color: var(--danger); background: rgba(195, 59, 56, 0.08); }
+      .footer {
+        display: flex;
+        align-items: center;
+        justify-content: flex-end;
+        gap: 16px;
+        padding: 11px 26px;
+        border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
+        color: var(--faint);
+        background: var(--surface);
+        font-size: 11px;
+      }
+      @media (max-width: 620px) {
+        body { display: block; padding: 46px 0 0; background: var(--surface); }
+        .shell { width: 100%; min-height: calc(100vh - 46px); border: 0; border-radius: 0; box-shadow: none; }
+        .header { padding-inline: 20px; }
+        .content { padding: 24px 20px 16px; }
+        .decision-row { align-items: stretch; }
+        .actions { align-items: stretch; flex-direction: column-reverse; }
+        .button { width: 100%; }
+        .footer { padding-inline: 20px; }
+      }
+
+      :root[data-theme="dark"] {
+        --canvas: #141416;
+        --surface: #202023;
+        --surface-soft: #29292d;
+        --ink: #f2f2f4;
+        --muted: #a5a7ad;
+        --faint: #7f8289;
+        --line: #3a3a3f;
+        --line-strong: #4a4a50;
+        --button: #f4f4f5;
+        --button-hover: #ffffff;
+        --primary-ink: #111217;
+        --danger: #ee7772;
+        --shadow: 0 18px 48px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
+      }
+
+      @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
+        :root:not([data-theme="light"]) {
+          --canvas: #141416;
+          --surface: #202023;
+          --surface-soft: #29292d;
+          --ink: #f2f2f4;
+          --muted: #a5a7ad;
+          --faint: #7f8289;
+          --line: #3a3a3f;
+          --line-strong: #4a4a50;
+          --button: #f4f4f5;
+          --button-hover: #ffffff;
+          --primary-ink: #111217;
+          --danger: #ee7772;
+          --shadow: 0 18px 48px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
+        }
+      }
+
+      @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
+        .button { transition: none; }
+      }
+    </style>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <main class="shell" aria-labelledby="heading">
+      <header class="header">
+        <div class="brand">
+          <img id="icon" alt="" />
+          <span class="brand-name" id="brand"></span>
+          <span class="badge" id="badge"></span>
+        </div>
+      </header>
+
+      <section class="content">
+        <p class="progress" id="progress"></p>
+        <p class="notice" id="notice" role="alert"></p>
+        <h1 id="heading"></h1>
+        <p class="summary" id="summary"></p>
+
+        <section class="conflict-card" aria-label="Plugin recovery details">
+          <div class="reason">
+            <p class="reason-label" id="reason-title"></p>
+            <p class="reason-detail" id="reason-detail"></p>
+          </div>
+          <ul class="plugins" id="plugins"></ul>
+        </section>
+
+        <div class="decision-row">
+          <div class="actions">
+            <button class="button primary" id="primary" type="button"></button>
+          </div>
+          <p class="safety">
+            <span class="safety-icon" aria-hidden="true">✓</span>
+            <span id="safety-note"></span>
+          </p>
+        </div>
+
+        <details class="advanced">
+          <summary id="advanced-label"></summary>
+          <div class="advanced-body">
+            <p class="meta-label" id="launch-directory-label"></p>
+            <p class="path" id="launch-directory"></p>
+            <p class="meta-label" id="error-label"></p>
+            <pre class="technical" id="technical"></pre>
+            <div class="advanced-actions">
+              <button class="text-button" id="show-log" type="button"></button>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </details>
+      </section>
+
+      <footer class="footer">
+        <button class="text-button" id="quit" type="button"></button>
+      </footer>
+    </main>
+
+    <script>
+      const params = new URLSearchParams(location.search)
+      const model = JSON.parse(params.get('state') || '{}')
+      document.documentElement.lang = model.locale === 'zh' ? 'zh-CN' : 'en'
+      document.documentElement.dataset.theme = params.get('theme') || 'system'
+      document.title = model.badge || 'DSH Desktop'
+
+      const setText = (id, value) => {
+        const node = document.getElementById(id)
+        if (node) node.textContent = value || ''
+      }
+
+      document.getElementById('icon').src = params.get('icon') || 'icon.png'
+      setText('brand', model.brand)
+      setText('badge', model.badge)
+      setText('heading', model.heading)
+      setText('summary', model.summary)
+      setText('reason-title', model.reasonTitle)
+      setText('reason-detail', model.reasonDetail)
+      setText('safety-note', model.safetyNote)
+      setText('primary', model.primaryLabel)
+      setText('advanced-label', model.advancedLabel)
+      setText('launch-directory-label', model.launchDirectoryLabel)
+      setText('launch-directory', model.launchDirectory || '—')
+      setText('error-label', model.errorLabel)
+      setText('technical', model.rawError)
+      setText('show-log', model.logLabel)
+      setText('quit', model.quitLabel)
+
+      const progress = document.getElementById('progress')
+      if (model.progress) {
+        progress.textContent = model.progress
+        progress.classList.add('visible')
+      }
+      const notice = document.getElementById('notice')
+      if (model.notice) {
+        notice.textContent = model.notice
+        notice.classList.add('visible')
+      }
+
+      const pluginList = document.getElementById('plugins')
+      if (Array.isArray(model.plugins) && model.plugins.length > 0) {
+        pluginList.classList.add('visible')
+        for (const plugin of model.plugins) {
+          const item = document.createElement('li')
+          const mark = document.createElement('span')
+          mark.className = 'plugin-mark'
+          mark.setAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true')
+          mark.textContent = '!'
+          const name = document.createElement('span')
+          name.className = 'plugin-name'
+          name.textContent = String(plugin)
+          item.append(mark, name)
+          pluginList.appendChild(item)
+        }
+      }
+
+      const navigate = (action) => {
+        location.href = `dsh-recovery://${action}`
+      }
+      const primary = document.getElementById('primary')
+      primary.addEventListener('click', () => {
+        primary.disabled = true
+        primary.textContent = model.primaryBusyLabel
+        navigate(model.canUninstall ? 'uninstall' : 'show-log')
+      })
+      document.getElementById('show-log').addEventListener('click', () => navigate('show-log'))
+      document.getElementById('quit').addEventListener('click', () => navigate('quit'))
+    </script>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/build/splash.html b/build/splash.html
index 136f56e2..0a2c3baa 100644
--- a/build/splash.html
+++ b/build/splash.html
@@ -9,28 +9,22 @@
       * { box-sizing: border-box; }
       html, body { width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: 0; overflow: hidden; }
       body { display: grid; place-items: center; color: #17181a; background: #f8f8f6; }
-      main { display: grid; justify-items: center; gap: 18px; padding: 32px; text-align: center; }
-      .mark { width: 72px; height: 72px; border-radius: 18px; animation: breathe 1.9s ease-in-out infinite; }
+      main { display: grid; justify-items: center; gap: 12px; padding: 32px; text-align: center; }
+      .mark { width: 196px; height: auto; image-rendering: pixelated; }
       .title { margin: 0; font-size: 23px; font-weight: 650; letter-spacing: -0.02em; }
-      .status { margin: -7px 0 0; color: #777a80; font-size: 13px; }
-      .track { width: 168px; height: 3px; overflow: hidden; border-radius: 99px; background: rgba(20, 21, 24, 0.09); }
-      .bar { width: 42%; height: 100%; border-radius: inherit; background: #4d6bfe; animation: travel 1.25s ease-in-out infinite; }
-      @keyframes breathe { 0%, 100% { transform: scale(0.97); opacity: 0.86; } 50% { transform: scale(1); opacity: 1; } }
-      @keyframes travel { 0% { transform: translateX(-105%); } 100% { transform: translateX(345%); } }
+      .status { margin: -4px 0 0; color: #777a80; font-size: 13px; }
       @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
         body { color: #f3f4f6; background: #141416; }
+        .mark { filter: invert(1); }
         .status { color: #9ca0a8; }
-        .track { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.11); }
       }
-      @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { .mark, .bar { animation: none; } .bar { width: 100%; opacity: 0.6; } }
     </style>
   </head>
   <body>
     <main>
-      <img class="mark" src="icon.png" alt="" />
+      <img class="mark" src="dsh-loader.gif" alt="" />
       <h1 class="title" id="title">Starting DSH Desktop</h1>
       <p class="status" id="status">First launch may take a moment.</p>
-      <div class="track" aria-hidden="true"><div class="bar"></div></div>
     </main>
     <script>
       if (navigator.language.toLowerCase().startsWith('zh')) {
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 90649152..df71e513 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -120,6 +120,14 @@
       {
         "from": "build/splash.html",
         "to": "splash.html"
+      },
+      {
+        "from": "build/dsh-loader.gif",
+        "to": "dsh-loader.gif"
+      },
+      {
+        "from": "build/plugin-recovery.html",
+        "to": "plugin-recovery.html"
       }
     ],
     "publish": [
diff --git a/src/main/index.ts b/src/main/index.ts
index 945762c8..ccbdaf95 100644
--- a/src/main/index.ts
+++ b/src/main/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import { spawn } from 'node:child_process'
 import { join } from 'node:path'
 import { existsSync, readFileSync } from "node:fs"
-import { rename, stat, mkdir } from "node:fs/promises"
 import { parse } from 'yaml'
 import {
   app,
@@ -14,7 +13,7 @@ import {
   type IpcMainInvokeEvent,
   type MessageBoxOptions
 } from 'electron'
-import { extractFailureCause, extractOffendingPlugin, HarnessRuntime } from './runtime/harness-runtime'
+import { extractFailureCause, extractOffendingPlugins, HarnessRuntime } from './runtime/harness-runtime'
 import { LanMobileBridge } from './mobile/lan-mobile-bridge'
 import { secureWindow } from './security'
 import { ensureLaunchRoot } from './state/launch-root'
@@ -34,6 +33,15 @@ import {
   isDesktopMenuCommand,
   type DesktopMenuCommand
 } from '../shared/desktop-menu'
+import { buildPluginRecoveryViewModel } from './plugin-recovery-view'
+
+type PluginRecoveryAction = 'uninstall' | 'show-log' | 'quit' | 'restart'
+
+const PLUGIN_RECOVERY_ACTIONS = new Set<PluginRecoveryAction>([
+  'uninstall',
+  'show-log',
+  'quit'
+])
 
 let mainWindow: BrowserWindow | undefined
 let mobileWindow: BrowserWindow | undefined
@@ -41,8 +49,10 @@ let runtime: HarnessRuntime
 let mobileBridge: LanMobileBridge
 let launchDirectory: string
 let quitting = false
-let failureDialogVisible = false
+let failureRecoveryVisible = false
 let harnessLaunchOperation: Promise<void> | undefined
+let pluginRecoveryActionResolver: ((action: PluginRecoveryAction) => void) | undefined
+let mainWindowNavigationVersion = 0
 
 function isDevelopmentBuild(): boolean {
   if (!app.isPackaged) return true
@@ -213,6 +223,36 @@ function harnessThemePreference(): 'light' | 'dark' | 'system' {
   }
 }
 
+function isPluginRecoveryPage(url: string): boolean {
+  try {
+    const parsed = new URL(url)
+    return parsed.protocol === 'file:' && parsed.pathname.endsWith('/plugin-recovery.html')
+  } catch {
+    return false
+  }
+}
+
+function resolvePluginRecoveryAction(action: PluginRecoveryAction): void {
+  const resolve = pluginRecoveryActionResolver
+  pluginRecoveryActionResolver = undefined
+  resolve?.(action)
+}
+
+function installPluginRecoveryNavigation(window: BrowserWindow): void {
+  window.webContents.on('will-navigate', (event, targetUrl) => {
+    if (!targetUrl.startsWith('dsh-recovery://')) return
+    event.preventDefault()
+    if (!isPluginRecoveryPage(window.webContents.getURL())) return
+
+    try {
+      const action = new URL(targetUrl).hostname as PluginRecoveryAction
+      if (PLUGIN_RECOVERY_ACTIONS.has(action)) resolvePluginRecoveryAction(action)
+    } catch {
+      // Ignore malformed recovery actions and keep the current recovery page visible.
+    }
+  })
+}
+
 function createWindow(): BrowserWindow {
   const isWindows = process.platform === 'win32'
   const window = new BrowserWindow({
@@ -250,10 +290,12 @@ function createWindow(): BrowserWindow {
     event.preventDefault()
     window.setTitle('')
   })
+  installPluginRecoveryNavigation(window)
   secureWindow(window)
   installContextMenu(window, harnessLocale)
   window.on('closed', () => {
     if (mainWindow === window) mainWindow = undefined
+    resolvePluginRecoveryAction('quit')
   })
   mainWindow = window
   return window
@@ -262,12 +304,18 @@ function createWindow(): BrowserWindow {
 async function openHarness(url: string): Promise<void> {
   const window = mainWindow && !mainWindow.isDestroyed() ? mainWindow : createWindow()
   if (shouldLoadHarnessUrl(window.webContents.getURL(), url)) {
+    const navigationVersion = ++mainWindowNavigationVersion
+    window.webContents.stop()
     try {
       await window.loadURL(url)
     } catch (error) {
+      if (navigationVersion !== mainWindowNavigationVersion) return
       if (isAbortedNavigationError(error)) return
+      const snapshot = runtime.snapshot()
+      if (snapshot.phase !== 'ready' || snapshot.url !== url) return
       throw error
     }
+    if (navigationVersion !== mainWindowNavigationVersion) return
   }
   if (runtime.snapshot().url !== url || window.isDestroyed()) return
   await syncNativeTheme(window)
@@ -278,8 +326,10 @@ async function openHarness(url: string): Promise<void> {
 
 async function showSplash(): Promise<void> {
   const window = mainWindow && !mainWindow.isDestroyed() ? mainWindow : createWindow()
+  const navigationVersion = ++mainWindowNavigationVersion
+  window.webContents.stop()
   await window.loadFile(desktopResourcePath('splash.html'))
-  if (window.isDestroyed()) return
+  if (window.isDestroyed() || navigationVersion !== mainWindowNavigationVersion) return
   window.show()
   window.focus()
 }
@@ -296,6 +346,11 @@ function launchHarness(): Promise<void> {
   return harnessLaunchOperation
 }
 
+function restartHarness(): Promise<void> {
+  if (failureRecoveryVisible) resolvePluginRecoveryAction('restart')
+  return launchHarness()
+}
+
 function registerHarnessHandlers(): void {
   ipcMain.removeHandler('harness:restart')
   ipcMain.handle('harness:restart', async (event) => {
@@ -306,7 +361,7 @@ function registerHarnessHandlers(): void {
       throw new Error('Harness is not ready to restart.')
     }
 
-    await launchHarness()
+    await restartHarness()
     return { ok: runtime.snapshot().phase === 'ready' }
   })
 
@@ -354,7 +409,7 @@ async function executeDesktopMenuCommand(command: DesktopMenuCommand): Promise<v
       await showMobilePairing()
       break
     case 'restart-harness':
-      await launchHarness()
+      await restartHarness()
       break
     case 'show-harness-log':
       shell.showItemInFolder(join(app.getPath('logs'), 'harness.log'))
@@ -414,20 +469,41 @@ async function executeDesktopMenuCommand(command: DesktopMenuCommand): Promise<v
   }
 }
 
-async function resetHarnessData(): Promise<boolean> {
-  const harnessHome = join(app.getPath('userData'), 'harness')
-  if (!existsSync(harnessHome)) return true
-
-  const timestamp = new Date().toISOString().replace(/[:.]/g, '-')
-  const backupPath = join(app.getPath('userData'), `harness-backup-${timestamp}`)
+async function waitForPluginRecoveryAction(options: {
+  snapshot: RuntimeSnapshot
+  plugins: readonly string[]
+  removedPlugins: readonly string[]
+  notice?: string
+}): Promise<PluginRecoveryAction> {
+  const window = mainWindow && !mainWindow.isDestroyed() ? mainWindow : createWindow()
+  const state = buildPluginRecoveryViewModel({
+    ...options,
+    locale: harnessLocale()
+  })
+  const actionPromise = new Promise<PluginRecoveryAction>((resolve) => {
+    pluginRecoveryActionResolver = resolve
+  })
+  const navigationVersion = ++mainWindowNavigationVersion
+  window.webContents.stop()
 
   try {
-    await rename(harnessHome, backupPath)
-    await mkdir(harnessHome, { recursive: true })
-    return true
-  } catch {
-    return false
+    await window.loadFile(desktopResourcePath('plugin-recovery.html'), {
+      query: {
+        state: JSON.stringify(state),
+        icon: app.isPackaged ? 'icon.png' : 'app-icon.png',
+        theme: harnessThemePreference()
+      }
+    })
+  } catch (error) {
+    pluginRecoveryActionResolver = undefined
+    throw error
   }
+
+  if (window.isDestroyed() || navigationVersion !== mainWindowNavigationVersion) return 'quit'
+  if (window.isMinimized()) window.restore()
+  window.show()
+  window.focus()
+  return actionPromise
 }
 
 function showUnexpectedError(error: unknown): void {
@@ -436,79 +512,57 @@ function showUnexpectedError(error: unknown): void {
 }
 
 async function showRuntimeFailure(snapshot: RuntimeSnapshot): Promise<void> {
-  if (failureDialogVisible || quitting) return
-  failureDialogVisible = true
+  if (failureRecoveryVisible || quitting) return
+  failureRecoveryVisible = true
 
   const dshHome = join(app.getPath('userData'), 'harness')
   const isChinese = harnessLocale() === 'zh'
+  const removedPlugins: string[] = []
+  let notice: string | undefined
 
   try {
     while (!quitting && runtime.snapshot().phase === 'failed') {
-      const offendingPlugin = extractOffendingPlugin(runtime.snapshot().logs)
-      const buttons = offendingPlugin
-        ? (isChinese
-            ? [`卸载 "${offendingPlugin}" 并重试`, '重试', '查看日志', '重置数据', '退出']
-            : [`Uninstall "${offendingPlugin}" & Retry`, 'Retry', 'Show Log', 'Reset Data', 'Quit'])
-        : (isChinese
-            ? ['重试', '查看日志', '重置数据', '退出']
-            : ['Retry', 'Show Log', 'Reset Data', 'Quit'])
-
-      const detailText = isChinese
-        ? (snapshot.launchDirectory
-            ? `启动目录: ${snapshot.launchDirectory}\n\n${offendingPlugin ? `检测到插件 "${offendingPlugin}" 引发错误。可尝试一键卸载该插件并重试。` : ''}您也可以重试、查看日志，或重置 Harness 数据（将备份当前数据）。`
-            : `${offendingPlugin ? `检测到插件 "${offendingPlugin}" 引发错误。可尝试一键卸载该插件并重试。` : ''}您也可以重试、查看日志，或重置 Harness 数据（将备份当前数据）。`)
-        : (snapshot.launchDirectory
-            ? `Launch directory: ${snapshot.launchDirectory}\n\n${offendingPlugin ? `Plugin "${offendingPlugin}" caused a startup error. You can uninstall it and retry. ` : ''}You can also retry, inspect the log, or reset Harness data (your current data will be backed up).`
-            : `${offendingPlugin ? `Plugin "${offendingPlugin}" caused a startup error. You can uninstall it and retry. ` : ''}You can also retry, inspect the log, or reset Harness data (your current data will be backed up).`)
-
-      const uninstallId = offendingPlugin ? 0 : -1
-      const retryId = offendingPlugin ? 1 : 0
-      const showLogId = retryId + 1
-      const resetDataId = showLogId + 1
-      const options: MessageBoxOptions = {
-        type: 'error',
-        title: isChinese ? 'Harness 无法启动' : 'Harness could not start',
-        message: snapshot.message,
-        detail: detailText,
-        buttons,
-        defaultId: 0,
-        cancelId: buttons.length - 1,
-        noLink: true
-      }
-      const result = mainWindow
-        ? await dialog.showMessageBox(mainWindow, options)
-        : await dialog.showMessageBox(options)
+      snapshot = runtime.snapshot()
+      const offendingPlugins = extractOffendingPlugins(snapshot.logs)
+      const action = await waitForPluginRecoveryAction({
+        snapshot,
+        plugins: offendingPlugins,
+        removedPlugins,
+        notice
+      })
+      notice = undefined
+
+      if (action === 'uninstall' && offendingPlugins.length > 0) {
+        const failedPlugins: string[] = []
+        for (const plugin of offendingPlugins) {
+          const removed = await uninstallPluginFromProfile(dshHome, plugin)
+          if (removed) {
+            if (!removedPlugins.includes(plugin)) removedPlugins.push(plugin)
+          } else {
+            failedPlugins.push(plugin)
+          }
+        }
 
-      if (result.response === uninstallId && offendingPlugin) {
-        await uninstallPluginFromProfile(dshHome, offendingPlugin)
+        if (failedPlugins.length === offendingPlugins.length) {
+          notice = isChinese
+            ? '未能修改插件配置。请打开 Harness 日志查看详情，或选择其他恢复方式。'
+            : 'The plugin profile could not be updated. Open the Harness log for details or choose another recovery option.'
+          continue
+        }
+        if (failedPlugins.length > 0) {
+          notice = isChinese
+            ? `以下插件未能移除：${failedPlugins.join('、')}`
+            : `These plugins could not be removed: ${failedPlugins.join(', ')}`
+        }
         await launchHarness()
-      } else if (result.response === retryId) {
+      } else if (action === 'restart') {
         await launchHarness()
-      } else if (result.response === showLogId) {
+      } else if (action === 'show-log') {
         shell.showItemInFolder(join(app.getPath('logs'), 'harness.log'))
         continue
-      } else if (result.response === resetDataId) {
-        const resetOk = await resetHarnessData()
-        if (resetOk) {
-          await launchHarness()
-        } else {
-          const fallbackOptions: MessageBoxOptions = {
-            type: 'warning',
-            title: isChinese ? '重置失败' : 'Reset Failed',
-            message: isChinese ? '无法重置 Harness 数据。' : 'Could not reset Harness data.',
-            detail: isChinese
-              ? '请手动删除 Harness 目录后重试。'
-              : 'Try deleting the Harness directory manually, then retry.',
-            buttons: ['OK'],
-            noLink: true
-          }
-          mainWindow
-            ? await dialog.showMessageBox(mainWindow, fallbackOptions)
-            : await dialog.showMessageBox(fallbackOptions)
-          continue
-        }
       } else {
         app.quit()
+        return
       }
 
       if (runtime.snapshot().phase !== 'failed') return
@@ -517,7 +571,7 @@ async function showRuntimeFailure(snapshot: RuntimeSnapshot): Promise<void> {
   } catch (error) {
     showUnexpectedError(error)
   } finally {
-    failureDialogVisible = false
+    failureRecoveryVisible = false
   }
 }
 
@@ -560,7 +614,7 @@ function installMenu(): void {
         {
           label: isChinese ? '重启 Harness' : 'Restart Harness',
           accelerator: 'CmdOrCtrl+Shift+R',
-          click: () => void launchHarness().catch(showUnexpectedError)
+          click: () => void restartHarness().catch(showUnexpectedError)
         },
         {
           label: isChinese ? '查看 Harness 日志' : 'Show Harness Log',
diff --git a/src/main/plugin-recovery-view.ts b/src/main/plugin-recovery-view.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e4924131
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/plugin-recovery-view.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+import type { RuntimeSnapshot } from '../shared/contracts'
+
+export type PluginRecoveryLocale = 'en' | 'zh'
+
+export interface PluginRecoveryViewModel {
+  locale: PluginRecoveryLocale
+  brand: string
+  badge: string
+  heading: string
+  summary: string
+  reasonTitle: string
+  reasonDetail: string
+  plugins: string[]
+  removedPlugins: string[]
+  progress?: string
+  notice?: string
+  safetyNote: string
+  primaryLabel: string
+  primaryBusyLabel: string
+  logLabel: string
+  advancedLabel: string
+  errorLabel: string
+  launchDirectoryLabel: string
+  launchDirectory?: string
+  rawError: string
+  quitLabel: string
+  canUninstall: boolean
+}
+
+interface FailureDescription {
+  title: string
+  detail: string
+}
+
+function latestAttemptText(logs: readonly string[]): string {
+  let startIndex = -1
+  for (let index = logs.length - 1; index >= 0; index -= 1) {
+    if (logs[index]?.trimStart().startsWith('[desktop] starting ')) {
+      startIndex = index
+      break
+    }
+  }
+  return logs.slice(startIndex + 1).join('\n')
+}
+
+export function describePluginFailure(
+  logs: readonly string[],
+  locale: PluginRecoveryLocale
+): FailureDescription {
+  const text = latestAttemptText(logs)
+  const duplicateRoute = text.match(/duplicate prefix route ["']([^"']+)["']/i)?.[1]
+
+  if (duplicateRoute) {
+    return locale === 'zh'
+      ? {
+          title: '插件使用了重复的服务入口',
+          detail: `启动日志显示 ${duplicateRoute} 被重复注册，因此 Harness 无法继续启动。`
+        }
+      : {
+          title: 'A plugin registered a duplicate service route',
+          detail: `The startup log shows that ${duplicateRoute} was registered more than once, so Harness could not continue.`
+        }
+  }
+
+  if (/cannot resolve profile bundle/i.test(text)) {
+    return locale === 'zh'
+      ? {
+          title: '插件没有完整安装',
+          detail: '配置中仍然引用了这个插件，但本地找不到对应的插件包。'
+        }
+      : {
+          title: 'The plugin is not fully installed',
+          detail: 'The profile still references this plugin, but its package cannot be found locally.'
+        }
+  }
+
+  if (/declares no dsh\.bundle/i.test(text)) {
+    return locale === 'zh'
+      ? {
+          title: '安装的包不是兼容的 DSH 插件',
+          detail: '这个包缺少 DSH 插件所需的入口声明，因此 Harness 无法加载。'
+        }
+      : {
+          title: 'The package is not a compatible DSH plugin',
+          detail: 'It does not declare the entry point required by Harness.'
+        }
+  }
+
+  if (/failed to import loader entry/i.test(text)) {
+    return locale === 'zh'
+      ? {
+          title: '插件代码加载失败',
+          detail: '插件文件可能损坏、缺少依赖，或与当前 Harness 版本不兼容。'
+        }
+      : {
+          title: 'The plugin code could not be loaded',
+          detail: 'Its files may be damaged, missing a dependency, or incompatible with this Harness version.'
+        }
+  }
+
+  return locale === 'zh'
+    ? {
+        title: '插件启动失败',
+        detail: 'Harness 在加载插件时发生错误，但暂时无法自动判断更具体的原因。'
+      }
+    : {
+        title: 'A plugin failed during startup',
+        detail: 'Harness reported an error while loading a plugin, but the exact cause could not be determined automatically.'
+      }
+}
+
+export function buildPluginRecoveryViewModel(options: {
+  snapshot: RuntimeSnapshot
+  plugins: readonly string[]
+  removedPlugins: readonly string[]
+  locale: PluginRecoveryLocale
+  notice?: string
+}): PluginRecoveryViewModel {
+  const { snapshot, locale, notice } = options
+  const plugins = [...new Set(options.plugins)]
+  const removedPlugins = [...new Set(options.removedPlugins)]
+  const canUninstall = plugins.length > 0
+  const description = describePluginFailure(snapshot.logs, locale)
+  const multiple = plugins.length > 1
+
+  if (locale === 'zh') {
+    return {
+      locale,
+      brand: 'DSH Desktop',
+      badge: '启动修复',
+      heading: canUninstall
+        ? multiple ? `发现 ${plugins.length} 个导致启动失败的插件` : '发现导致启动失败的插件'
+        : 'Harness 暂时无法启动',
+      summary: canUninstall
+        ? ''
+        : '目前还无法定位到具体插件。请打开 Harness 日志查看详细错误。',
+      reasonTitle: description.title,
+      reasonDetail: description.detail,
+      plugins,
+      removedPlugins,
+      progress: removedPlugins.length > 0
+        ? `已处理 ${removedPlugins.length} 个插件，正在继续检查剩余问题。`
+        : undefined,
+      notice,
+      safetyNote: '工作区、会话、模型配置和其他插件不会被删除。',
+      primaryLabel: canUninstall
+        ? multiple ? `卸载这 ${plugins.length} 个插件并继续检测` : '卸载此插件并继续检测'
+        : '打开 Harness 日志',
+      primaryBusyLabel: canUninstall ? '正在处理并重新检测…' : '正在打开日志…',
+      logLabel: '打开 Harness 日志',
+      advancedLabel: '查看技术详情',
+      errorLabel: '错误信息',
+      launchDirectoryLabel: '启动目录',
+      launchDirectory: snapshot.launchDirectory,
+      rawError: snapshot.message,
+      quitLabel: '退出 DSH Desktop',
+      canUninstall
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    locale,
+    brand: 'DSH Desktop',
+    badge: 'Startup recovery',
+    heading: canUninstall
+      ? multiple ? `${plugins.length} plugins are preventing startup` : 'A plugin is preventing startup'
+      : 'Harness could not start',
+    summary: canUninstall
+      ? ''
+      : 'No specific plugin could be identified. Open the Harness log to inspect the detailed error.',
+    reasonTitle: description.title,
+    reasonDetail: description.detail,
+    plugins,
+    removedPlugins,
+    progress: removedPlugins.length > 0
+      ? `${removedPlugins.length} plugin${removedPlugins.length === 1 ? '' : 's'} handled. Checking for remaining issues.`
+      : undefined,
+    notice,
+    safetyNote: 'Your workspaces, sessions, model settings, and other plugins will not be removed.',
+    primaryLabel: canUninstall
+      ? multiple ? `Remove these ${plugins.length} plugins and continue` : 'Remove this plugin and continue'
+      : 'Open Harness log',
+    primaryBusyLabel: canUninstall ? 'Removing and checking again…' : 'Opening log…',
+    logLabel: 'Open Harness log',
+    advancedLabel: 'View technical details',
+    errorLabel: 'Error details',
+    launchDirectoryLabel: 'Launch directory',
+    launchDirectory: snapshot.launchDirectory,
+    rawError: snapshot.message,
+    quitLabel: 'Quit DSH Desktop',
+    canUninstall
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/runtime/harness-runtime.ts b/src/main/runtime/harness-runtime.ts
index 8f8e0e5c..d0c3567e 100644
--- a/src/main/runtime/harness-runtime.ts
+++ b/src/main/runtime/harness-runtime.ts
@@ -68,6 +68,20 @@ export function buildNodeArguments(
   ]
 }
 
+export function updateReadyStability(
+  readySince: number | undefined,
+  healthy: boolean,
+  now: number,
+  stabilityWindowMs = 500
+): { readySince: number | undefined; ready: boolean } {
+  if (!healthy) return { readySince: undefined, ready: false }
+  const stableSince = readySince ?? now
+  return {
+    readySince: stableSince,
+    ready: now - stableSince >= stabilityWindowMs
+  }
+}
+
 export class HarnessRuntime {
   private child?: ChildProcessWithoutNullStreams
   private logStream?: WriteStream
@@ -248,12 +262,21 @@ ${cause}`
   }
 }
 
+function latestHarnessAttemptLogs(logLines: readonly string[]): readonly string[] {
+  for (let index = logLines.length - 1; index >= 0; index -= 1) {
+    if (logLines[index]?.trimStart().startsWith('[desktop] starting ')) {
+      return logLines.slice(index + 1)
+    }
+  }
+  return logLines
+}
+
 export function extractFailureCause(logLines: readonly string[]): string | undefined {
   const stderrLines: string[] = []
   let dshEntryError: string | undefined
   let uncaughtError: string | undefined
 
-  for (const line of logLines) {
+  for (const line of latestHarnessAttemptLogs(logLines)) {
     if (!line.startsWith('[stderr] ')) continue
     const text = line.slice(8)
     stderrLines.push(text)
@@ -295,38 +318,44 @@ export function extractFailureCause(logLines: readonly string[]): string | undef
 
 const CORE_BUNDLES = new Set(['@deepseek-ai/dsh-base', '@deepseek-ai/dsh-web-app'])
 
-export function extractOffendingPlugin(logLines: readonly string[]): string | undefined {
-  for (const line of logLines) {
+export function extractOffendingPlugins(logLines: readonly string[]): string[] {
+  const plugins = new Set<string>()
+
+  for (const line of latestHarnessAttemptLogs(logLines)) {
     if (!line.startsWith('[stderr] ')) continue
     const text = line.slice(8)
 
     const m1 = text.match(/failed to apply loader entry [^\s]+ \((@[^)]+|[^)]+)\)/i)
     if (m1 && m1[1] && !CORE_BUNDLES.has(m1[1].trim())) {
-      return m1[1].trim()
+      plugins.add(m1[1].trim())
     }
 
     const m2 = text.match(/cannot resolve profile bundle ["']([^"']+)["']/i)
     if (m2 && m2[1] && !CORE_BUNDLES.has(m2[1].trim())) {
-      return m2[1].trim()
+      plugins.add(m2[1].trim())
     }
 
     const m3 = text.match(/profile bundle ["']([^"']+)["'] declares no dsh\.bundle/i)
     if (m3 && m3[1] && !CORE_BUNDLES.has(m3[1].trim())) {
-      return m3[1].trim()
+      plugins.add(m3[1].trim())
     }
 
     const m4 = text.match(/failed to import loader entry [^\s]+ \((@[^)]+|[^)]+)\)/i)
     if (m4 && m4[1] && !CORE_BUNDLES.has(m4[1].trim())) {
-      return m4[1].trim()
+      plugins.add(m4[1].trim())
     }
 
     const m5 = text.match(/plugin\(s\) failed to load:\s*([a-zA-Z0-9@/_-]+)/i)
     if (m5 && m5[1] && !CORE_BUNDLES.has(m5[1].trim())) {
-      return m5[1].trim()
+      plugins.add(m5[1].trim())
     }
   }
 
-  return undefined
+  return [...plugins]
+}
+
+export function extractOffendingPlugin(logLines: readonly string[]): string | undefined {
+  return extractOffendingPlugins(logLines)[0]
 }
 
 export function formatExitCode(code: number): string {
@@ -362,14 +391,24 @@ async function waitUntilReady(
   timeoutMs: number
 ): Promise<boolean> {
   const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs
+  const stabilityWindowMs = 500
+  let readySince: number | undefined
   while (Date.now() < deadline && isAlive()) {
     try {
       const response = await fetch(url, { redirect: 'manual', signal: AbortSignal.timeout(1_000) })
-      if (response.status >= 200 && response.status < 500) return true
+      const stability = updateReadyStability(
+        readySince,
+        response.status >= 200 && response.status < 500,
+        Date.now(),
+        stabilityWindowMs
+      )
+      readySince = stability.readySince
+      if (stability.ready) return true
     } catch {
       // The server is expected to reject connections while it is booting.
+      readySince = updateReadyStability(readySince, false, Date.now()).readySince
     }
-    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 250))
+    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 100))
   }
   return false
 }
diff --git a/test/application-locale.test.ts b/test/application-locale.test.ts
index be20ed17..18a5da88 100644
--- a/test/application-locale.test.ts
+++ b/test/application-locale.test.ts
@@ -13,4 +13,9 @@ describe('application locale', () => {
     expect(resolveHarnessLocale(undefined, ['en-US', 'zh-Hans-CN'])).toBe('en')
     expect(resolveHarnessLocale(undefined, [])).toBe('en')
   })
+
+  it('falls back to the system language when the saved preference is invalid', () => {
+    expect(resolveHarnessLocale('auto', ['zh-CN'])).toBe('zh')
+    expect(resolveHarnessLocale({ value: 'zh' }, ['en-US'])).toBe('en')
+  })
 })
diff --git a/test/plugin-recovery-html.test.ts b/test/plugin-recovery-html.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b4952505
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/plugin-recovery-html.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { join } from 'node:path'
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+
+const html = readFileSync(join(process.cwd(), 'build', 'plugin-recovery.html'), 'utf8')
+
+describe('plugin recovery page', () => {
+  it('keeps the recovery surface focused on the next useful action', () => {
+    expect(html).not.toContain('id="status"')
+    expect(html).not.toContain('id="footer-note"')
+    expect(html).not.toContain('处理完成后会自动返回 DSH Desktop')
+    expect(html).not.toContain('DSH Desktop will reopen automatically when recovery is complete')
+  })
+
+  it('retains access to diagnostics and exit actions', () => {
+    expect(html).toContain('class="decision-row"')
+    expect(html.indexOf('id="primary"')).toBeLessThan(html.indexOf('id="safety-note"'))
+    expect(html).toContain('id="advanced-label"')
+    expect(html).toContain('id="show-log"')
+    expect(html).toContain('id="quit"')
+  })
+})
diff --git a/test/plugin-recovery-view.test.ts b/test/plugin-recovery-view.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d6bb406a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/plugin-recovery-view.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import type { RuntimeSnapshot } from '../src/shared/contracts'
+import {
+  buildPluginRecoveryViewModel,
+  describePluginFailure
+} from '../src/main/plugin-recovery-view'
+
+function failedSnapshot(logs: string[] = []): RuntimeSnapshot {
+  return {
+    phase: 'failed',
+    message: 'Harness stopped unexpectedly. duplicate prefix route "/sidebar/api"',
+    launchDirectory: '/Users/ray/Library/Application Support/dsh-desktop/launch-root',
+    logs
+  }
+}
+
+describe('plugin recovery view model', () => {
+  it('explains a duplicate route without exposing only a raw stack trace', () => {
+    const description = describePluginFailure(
+      ['[stderr] webserver: duplicate prefix route "/sidebar/api"'],
+      'zh'
+    )
+    expect(description.title).toBe('插件使用了重复的服务入口')
+    expect(description.detail).toContain('/sidebar/api')
+    expect(description.detail).toContain('启动日志显示')
+  })
+
+  it('uses an honest generic explanation when the exact cause is unknown', () => {
+    const description = describePluginFailure(
+      ['[stderr] plugin initialization returned an unexpected error'],
+      'zh'
+    )
+    expect(description.title).toBe('插件启动失败')
+    expect(description.detail).toContain('无法自动判断更具体的原因')
+    expect(description.detail).not.toContain('/sidebar/api')
+  })
+
+  it.each([
+    ['cannot resolve profile bundle example', '插件没有完整安装'],
+    ['package declares no dsh.bundle', '安装的包不是兼容的 DSH 插件'],
+    ['failed to import loader entry example', '插件代码加载失败']
+  ])('describes known startup failures: %s', (log, expectedTitle) => {
+    expect(describePluginFailure([`[stderr] ${log}`], 'zh').title).toBe(expectedTitle)
+  })
+
+  it('presents multiple plugins as one recovery step', () => {
+    const model = buildPluginRecoveryViewModel({
+      snapshot: failedSnapshot(),
+      plugins: ['plugin-a', 'plugin-b', 'plugin-a'],
+      removedPlugins: [],
+      locale: 'zh'
+    })
+    expect(model.heading).toBe('发现 2 个导致启动失败的插件')
+    expect(model.summary).toBe('')
+    expect(model.plugins).toEqual(['plugin-a', 'plugin-b'])
+    expect(model.primaryLabel).toBe('卸载这 2 个插件并继续检测')
+    expect(model.canUninstall).toBe(true)
+    expect(model).not.toHaveProperty('status')
+    expect(model.advancedLabel).toBe('查看技术详情')
+  })
+
+  it('shows progress when recovery discovers another conflict after a restart', () => {
+    const model = buildPluginRecoveryViewModel({
+      snapshot: failedSnapshot(),
+      plugins: ['plugin-b'],
+      removedPlugins: ['plugin-a'],
+      locale: 'zh'
+    })
+    expect(model.progress).toContain('已处理 1 个插件')
+    expect(model.plugins).toEqual(['plugin-b'])
+  })
+
+  it('falls back to the log when no plugin can be identified', () => {
+    const model = buildPluginRecoveryViewModel({
+      snapshot: failedSnapshot(),
+      plugins: [],
+      removedPlugins: [],
+      locale: 'en'
+    })
+    expect(model.canUninstall).toBe(false)
+    expect(model.primaryLabel).toBe('Open Harness log')
+  })
+})
diff --git a/test/release.test.ts b/test/release.test.ts
index 98ce71cf..9d87ea7a 100644
--- a/test/release.test.ts
+++ b/test/release.test.ts
@@ -64,6 +64,10 @@ describe('GitHub release contract', () => {
       from: 'build/splash.html',
       to: 'splash.html'
     })
+    expect(packageJson.build.extraResources).toContainEqual({
+      from: 'build/dsh-loader.gif',
+      to: 'dsh-loader.gif'
+    })
     expect(packageJson.build.extraResources).toContainEqual({
       from: 'build/dsh-desktop.patch.yml',
       to: 'dsh-desktop.patch.yml'
@@ -100,12 +104,22 @@ describe('GitHub release contract', () => {
     expect(main).toContain("desktopResourcePath('splash.html')")
     expect(main).toContain('await showSplash()')
     expect(splash).toContain('Starting DSH Desktop')
-    expect(splash).toContain('prefers-reduced-motion')
+    expect(splash).toContain('src="dsh-loader.gif"')
+    expect(splash).not.toContain('class="track"')
     expect(patch).toMatch(/id: directory-picker\r?\n  disabled: true/)
     expect(patch).not.toContain("name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-host-directory-picker-native'")
     expect(patch).toContain("name: '@deepseek-ai/dsh-client-ui-directory-picker-native'")
   })
 
+  it('routes manual restarts through the active plugin recovery flow', async () => {
+    const main = await readFile(path.join(projectRoot, 'src', 'main', 'index.ts'), 'utf8')
+
+    expect(main).toContain("if (failureRecoveryVisible) resolvePluginRecoveryAction('restart')")
+    expect(main).toMatch(/case 'restart-harness':\s+await restartHarness\(\)/)
+    expect(main).toContain('click: () => void restartHarness().catch(showUnexpectedError)')
+    expect(main).toContain("} else if (action === 'restart') {")
+  })
+
   it('publishes update metadata for installed desktop builds', async () => {
     const packageJson = JSON.parse(
       await readFile(path.join(projectRoot, 'package.json'), 'utf8')
diff --git a/test/runtime.test.ts b/test/runtime.test.ts
index 6a5ebdaf..c82161be 100644
--- a/test/runtime.test.ts
+++ b/test/runtime.test.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,9 @@ import {
   buildNodeArguments,
   extractFailureCause,
   extractOffendingPlugin,
-  formatExitCode
+  extractOffendingPlugins,
+  formatExitCode,
+  updateReadyStability
 } from '../src/main/runtime/harness-runtime'
 import { canGrantWindowPermission, isTrustedAppUrl } from '../src/main/security-policy'
 import {
@@ -14,6 +16,18 @@ import {
 } from '../src/main/window-navigation'
 
 describe('Harness launch contract', () => {
+  it('does not treat a briefly reachable port as a completed Harness startup', () => {
+    const firstProbe = updateReadyStability(undefined, true, 1_000)
+    expect(firstProbe).toEqual({ readySince: 1_000, ready: false })
+
+    const interruptedProbe = updateReadyStability(firstProbe.readySince, false, 1_400)
+    expect(interruptedProbe).toEqual({ readySince: undefined, ready: false })
+
+    const restartedProbe = updateReadyStability(interruptedProbe.readySince, true, 2_000)
+    expect(updateReadyStability(restartedProbe.readySince, true, 2_499).ready).toBe(false)
+    expect(updateReadyStability(restartedProbe.readySince, true, 2_500).ready).toBe(true)
+  })
+
   it('binds the web server to a random loopback port', () => {
     expect(buildHarnessArguments(43127)).toEqual([
       'web',
@@ -153,6 +167,16 @@ describe('harness failure cause extraction', () => {
     expect(extractFailureCause([])).toBeUndefined()
   })
 
+  it('uses only the latest Harness launch when earlier attempts also failed', () => {
+    const logs = [
+      '[desktop] starting 2026-08-19T08:00:00.000Z',
+      '[stderr] [harness-node] DSH entry failed: Error: first plugin failed',
+      '[desktop] starting 2026-08-19T08:01:00.000Z',
+      '[stderr] [harness-node] DSH entry failed: Error: second plugin failed'
+    ]
+    expect(extractFailureCause(logs)).toBe('Error: second plugin failed')
+  })
+
   it('ignores long error lines (>200 chars) when falling back', () => {
     const longLine = 'x'.repeat(250)
     const logs = [
@@ -206,6 +230,29 @@ describe('offending plugin extraction', () => {
     ]
     expect(extractOffendingPlugin(logs)).toBeUndefined()
   })
+
+  it('collects multiple unique plugins reported by the same launch', () => {
+    const logs = [
+      '[desktop] starting 2026-08-19T08:00:00.000Z',
+      '[stderr] Error: failed to apply loader entry sidebar (dsh-better-sidebar): duplicate prefix route "/sidebar/api"',
+      '[stderr] Error: failed to import loader entry tools (@example/dsh-tools): missing dependency',
+      '[stderr] Error: failed to apply loader entry sidebar (dsh-better-sidebar): duplicate prefix route "/sidebar/api"'
+    ]
+    expect(extractOffendingPlugins(logs)).toEqual([
+      'dsh-better-sidebar',
+      '@example/dsh-tools'
+    ])
+  })
+
+  it('does not keep offering a plugin removed during an earlier launch', () => {
+    const logs = [
+      '[desktop] starting 2026-08-19T08:00:00.000Z',
+      '[stderr] Error: failed to apply loader entry sidebar (first-plugin): duplicate prefix route "/sidebar/api"',
+      '[desktop] starting 2026-08-19T08:01:00.000Z',
+      '[stderr] Error: failed to apply loader entry panel (second-plugin): duplicate prefix route "/panel/api"'
+    ]
+    expect(extractOffendingPlugins(logs)).toEqual(['second-plugin'])
+  })
 })
 
 describe('navigation trust boundary', () => {
